THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA:
The constitution of India adopted on January 26,1950 is unique in its contents and spirit.
Borrowed from almost every constitution of the world.
Lengthiest written constitution.
The Indian constitution has 448 articles,25 parts,12 schedules and 104 amendments, before to 1949,it had 395 articles divided into 22 parts. Each part of articles address a different topic related to constitution, including Legislatures, Executive, sections, Schedules, Entities established by statue, Fundamental rights, so on.
Reasons to divide:
1.Geographical factors: India’s vastness and diversity.
2.Historical factors: influence of Government of India act 1935.
3.Single constitution: Union and state.
4.Domination of legal luminaries.

LIST ARTICLES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION:
Part-I
Union and its Territories {Article 1 to 4}

• Article 1 – Name and Territory of the union-India that is Bharat,shall be a union of states.
• Article 2- Admission or establishment of new states.
• Article 3- formation of new states and alteration of areas,boundaries or names of existing states.
• Article 4- Laws made under articles 2 & 3 to provide for amendment of the first and fourth schedules and supplemental,incidental and consequential matters.

                              Part-II  
        Citizenship {Article 5 to 11}

• Article 5- Citizenship at the time constution was written.
• Article 6- Citizenship rights of individual who immigrated to India from Pakistan.
• Article 7- Citizenship of certain migrants to pakistan.
• Article 8- Citizenship of certain persons of indian origin residing outside india.
• Article 9- Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign state not to be citizens.
• Article 10- Continuance of the rights of citizenship.
• Article 11- Parliment to regulate the right of citizen by law.

                            Part-III
        Fundamental rights{Article 12 to 35}

Article 12- Definition of State.
Article 13- laws inconsistent with or in derogation(abolishing law) of fundamental right.
1)Right to Equality{14 to 18}
Article 14- Equality before law.
Article 15- Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion,race,caste,sex,or place of birth.
Article 16- Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
Article 17- Abolition of untouchability.
Article 18- Abolition of titles.
2)Right to Freedom{19 to 22}
Article 19- Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech,etc.
19a-Freedom of speech and expression
19b-Freedom of assemble peacefully without arms
19c-All citizens have right to form associations or union cooperative socities
19d-Citizen can move freely throughout the territory of tge country
19e-Freedom of residence and settle in any part of country
19f-Amendment Act
19g-Citizen has right to practice any profession,occcupation,trade or business
Article 20- protection in respect of conviction for offences.
Article 21- Protection of life and personal liberity.
Article 21 A- Right to education.
Article 22- Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
3)Right against exploitation{23 & 24}
Article 23- Article 23- prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
Article 24- prohibition of employment of children under the age of 14 in factories
and mines.
4)Right to Freedom of Religion{25-28}
Article 25- freedom of conscience and free professional,practice and propagation
of religion.
Article 26- freedom to manage religious affairs.
Article 27- freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular region.
Article 28- freedom from attending religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.
5)Cultural and Educational Right{29 & 30}
Article 29- protection of interest of minorities.
Article 30- right to minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
Article 31-removed from part 3 -fundamental rights with the help of 44th amandment act in 1978.

Right to Constitutional Remedies{32-35}
Article 32- remedies for enforcement of fundamental rights.
Article 33- parliment can restrict,abrogate fundamental rigths of armed forces,para military force,police force & intelligence agencies & equivalent forces.
Article 34- Restriction on fundamental rights while MARTIAL Law in force.
Article 35- Legislation to give effect to provisions of this part.

Part IV
Directive Principal of State Policy {Article 36 to51}

Article 36- definition.
Article 37- application of DPSP.
Article 38-state secure a social order for promotion of welfare of the people.
Article 39-certain principles of policy to be followed by state.
Article 39A- equal justice and free Legal Aid.
Article 40- organization of a village panchayat.
Article 41- right to work, to education, and to public assistants in certain cases.
Article 42-provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
Article 43- living wages for workers.
Article 43A- participation of workers in the management of industries.
Article 43B- Promotion of co-operative socities.
Article 44- Uniform Civil Code.
Article 45- provision of free and compulsory education for children below age of 6years.
Article 46- promotion of the educational and economic interest of scheduled caste Scheduled Tribes and other backward classes.
Article 47- duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standards of living and two to improve public health.
Article 48- organization of agriculture and animal husbandry.
Article 48A-Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forest & wildlife.
Article 49- protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance.
Article 50- separation of Judiciary from the executive.
Article 51- promotion of international peace and security. Part IVA - Article 51A Fundamental Duties With the 42nd amendment act 1976, there were 10 fundamental duties, later with the
86th amendment act 2002, one more duty was added to it. After that, we have a total of
11 fundamental duties.

Part V
Union: {Article 52 to 151}

Article 52- The president of India.
Article 53- executive power of the union.
Article 54- election of the president.
Article 55-manner of election of president.
Article 56-term of office of president.
Article 57-eligibility for re-election.
Article 58-qualifications for re-election as president.
Article 59-conditions of president’s office.
Article 60-oath & affirmation by the president.
Article 61- procedure for impeachment of the president.
Article 62- fill vacancy in the office of president.
Article 63- The vice president of India.
Article 64- the vice president to be ex officio chairman of the Council of States.
Article 65-the vicepresident act as president or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office,or during there absence of president.
Article 66- election of vice president.
Article 67-term of office of vice president.
Article 68-fill vacancy in the office of vice-president.
Article 69-oath & affirmation of president.
Article 70-discharge of president’s functions in other contingencies.
Article 71-matter relating to vice president or president elections.
Article 72- Pardoning powers of President.
Article 73-extent of executive power of the union.
Council of Ministers
Article 74- Council of Ministers to aid and advise the president.
Article 75-other provisions as to ministers.
The Attorney General of india
Article 76- Attorney General for India.
Conduct of Government Buisness
Article 77-conduct of buisness of the government of india.
Article 78-duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the president. Parliment. Article 79- constitution of parliament.
Article 80- composition of Rajya Sabha.
Article 81- composition of Lok Sabha.
Article 82- readjustment after each Census.
Article 83- duration of houses of parliament.
Article 84- qualification for membership of Parliament.
Article 85- sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution.
Article 86- right of President to address and send messages to Houses.
Article 87- special address by the President.
Article 88- rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses.
Article 89- The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.
Article 90- vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of
Deputy Chairman.
Article 91- power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
Article 92- The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
Article 93- The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People.
Article 94- vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
Article 95- Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
Article 96-the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
Article 97-salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
Article 98-secretariat of Parliament.
Conduct of Business.
Article 99- Oath or affirmation by members.
Article 100- Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act not withstanding vacancies and quorum.
Disqualifications of Members
Article 101-vacation of seats.
Article 102-disqualifications for membership.
Article 103-decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
Article 104- penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualification.
Article 105- powers privileges etc. of the house of parliament.
Article 106- salaries and allowances of members
Legislative Procedure
Article 107- Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
Article 108- Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.
Article 109- special procedure and respect of money bills.
Article 110- definition of money bills.
Article 111-Assent to Bills.
Procedure in Financial Matters
Article 112- annual fiscal budget.
Article 113-Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates.
Article 114- appropriation bills.
Article 115- Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
Article 116- Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
Article 117- Special provisions as to financial Bills.
Article 118- Rules of procedure.
Article 119- Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business.
Article 120- Language to be used in Parliament.
Article 121- Restriction on discussion in Parliament.
Article 122- Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament.
Legislative Powers of The President
Article 123- Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of parliament.
The Union Juidicary
Article 124- establishment of Supreme Court.
Article 124A- National Judicial Appointments Commission.
Article 124B- Functions of Commission.
Article 124C- Power of Parliament to make law.
Article 125- salaries of judges.
Article 126- appointment of acting Chief Justice.
Article 127- appointment of Ad Hoc judges.
Article 128- attendance of retired judge at sitting of the supreme court.
Article 129- Supreme Court to be a court of record.
Article 130- seat of the supreme court.
Article 131- Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
Article 132- Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases.
Article 133- Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters.
Article 134- Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters.
Article 134A- Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court.
Article 135- Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law
to be exercisable by the Supreme Court.
Article 136- special leaves for an appeal to the supreme court.
Article 137- review of judgments or orders by the supreme court.
Article 138- Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
Article 139 Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs.
Article 139A- Transfer of certain cases.
Article 140- Ancillary powers of the Supreme Court.
Article 141- decision of Supreme Court of India binding on all the codes.
Article 142- Enforcement of decrees and orders of the Supreme Court and
orders as to discovery, etc.
Article 143- Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court.
Article 144- Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court.
Article 145- Rules of Court, etc.
Article 146- Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court.
Article 147- Interpretation.
Comptroller and Auditor General of India
Article 148- Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
Article 149- duties and powers of Comptroller and Auditor General.
Article 150- Form of accounts of the Union and of the States.
Article 151- Audit reports

Part VI
State: {Article 152 to237}

Article 152-defination
Article 153- governors of States.
Article 154- executive powers of governors.
Article 155- appointment of Governor.
Article 156- term of office of Governor.
Article 157- qualifications for appointment as Governor.
Article 158- conditions of Governor’s office.
Article 159- oath or affirmation by the governor.
Article 160- discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies.
Article 161- Pardoning powers of the governor.
Article 162- Extent of executive power of the State.
Council of Ministers
Article 163- Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor.
Article 164- Other provisions as to Ministers.
The Advocate-General for the State
Article 165- advocate general of the state.
Article 166- Conduct of business of the Government of a State.
Article 167- Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc.
The State Legislature
Article 168- Constitution of Legislatures in States.
Article 169- Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States.
Article 170- Composition of the Legislative Assemblies.
Article 171- Composition of the Legislative Councils.
Article 172- Duration of State Legislatures.
Article 173- Qualification for membership of the State Legislature.
Article 174- Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution.
Article 175- Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses.
Article 176- Special address by the Governor.
Article 177- Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses.
Article 178- The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.
Article 179- Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of
Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
Article 180- Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
Article 181- The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
Article 182- The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council.
Article 183- Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
Article 184- Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
Article 185- The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
Article 186- Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
Article 187- Secretariat of State Legislature.
Conduct of Buisness
Article 188- Oath or affirmation by members.
Article 189- Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act not with standing vacancies and quorum.
Disqualifications of Members
Article 190- Vacation of seats.
Article 191- Disqualifications for membership.
Article 192- Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
Article 193- Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqualified.
Article 194- Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees there of.
Article 195- Salaries and allowances of members.
Legislative Procedure
Article 196- Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
Article 197- Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills.
Article 198- Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
Article 199- Definition of “Money Bills”.
Article 200- Assent to Bills.
Article 201- Bills reserved for consideration.
Procedure in Financial Matters
Article 202- Annual financial statement.
Article 203- Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates.
Article 204- Appropriation Bills.
Article 205- Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
Article 206- Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
Article 207- Special provisions as to financial Bills.
Article 208- Rules of procedure.
Article 209- Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State inrelation to financial business.
Article 210. Language to be used in the Legislature.
Article 211. Restriction on discussion in the Legislature.
Article 212. Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature.
Article 213- power of the Governor to promulgate ordinances during recess of legislature.
The High Courts In The States
Article 214- high courts for States.
Article 215- high courts to be a court of record.
Article 216- Constitution of High Courts.
Article 217- Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court.
Article 218- Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts.
Article 219- Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts.
Article 220- Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge.
Article 221- Salaries, etc., of Judges.
Article 222- Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another.
Article 223- Appointment of acting Chief Justice.
Article 224- Appointment of additional and acting Judges.
Article 224A- Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts.
Article 225- Jurisdiction of existing High Courts.
Article 226- power of high courts to issue certain writs.
Article 227- Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court.
Article 228- Transfer of certain cases to High Court.
Article 229- Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts.
Article 230- Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories.
Article 231- Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States.
Article 232- Articles 230, 231 and 232 substituted by articles 230 and 231].
Subordinate Courts
Article 233- appointment of district judges.
Article 234- Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial services.
Article 235- control over subordinate courts.
Article 236- Interpretation.
Article 237- application of the provisions of this chapter to certain classes of magistrates.

Part VII- It is also known as “The States in Part B of the First Schedule”.
It has only one article – that is, Article 238.
It was repealed by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956.

Part VIII
Union Territories {Article 239to242}

Part IX

Panchayats: Article 243
Article 243A- Gram Sabha.
Article 243B- constitution of Panchayat.

Part IXA
Municipalities: {Article243 P to243 ZG}

Part X
Scheduled and Tribal Areas: Article 244

Part XI
Centre-State Relations:{Article245 to263}

Part XII
Finance, Properties, Contracts, Suits:{ Article264to 300A}
Article 266- consolidated fund and public account fund.
Article 267- contingency fund of India.
Article 280- finance commission.
Article 300A- right to property.

Part XIII
Trade, Commerce, and intercourse within the territories of India: {Article 301to323}
Article 301- freedom to trade commerce and intercourse.
Article 302- the power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce, and
intercourse.

Part XIV
Services under Centre and State: {Article 308 to323}
Article 312- all India services.
Article 315- Public Service commissions for the Union and for the states.
Article 320- functions of public service commission.

Part XIVA
Tribunals: {Article 323Ato323B}
Article 323A- administrative tribunals.

Part XV
Elections: {Article 324to329}
Article 324- Superintendence, direction, and control of elections to be vested in an
election commission.
Article 325- no person to be eligible for inclusion in or to claim to be included in a
special electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste, or sex.
Article 326- elections to the house of people and to the legislative assemblies of states
to be on the basis of adult suffrage.

Part XVI
Special Provisions to SC, ST, OBC, Minorities, etc: {Article 338to342}
Article 338- National Commission for scheduled caste and Scheduled Tribes.
Article 340- appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward
classes.

Part XVII
Official Languages{Article 343to351}
Article 343- official languages of the union.
Article 345- official languages or languages of a state.
Article 348- languages to be used in the supreme court and in the High Court.
Article 351- directive for development of Hindi languages.

Part XVIII
Emergency: {Article352to360}

Article 352- the proclamation of National Emergency.
Article 356- state emergency by president rule.
Article 360- financial emergency.

Part XIX
Miscellaneous: {Article 361to367}
Article 361- protection of president and governors.

Part XX- Amendment of Constitution: Article 368
Article 368- powers of Parliament to amend the constitution.

Part XXI
Special, Transitional, and Temporary Provisions: {Article 369to392}

Article 370- temporary provision for the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Article 371A- special provision with respect to the state of Nagaland.
Article 371J- special status for Hyderabad in the Karnataka region.

Part XXII- Short Text, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and
Repeals: Article 392 to Article 395
Article 393- short title, this constitution may be called the constitution of India.